The the nearly 200 affixes included here come from Reichard's 1938 grammar (listed as 'Reichard 1938' on the left menu). Nearly all affixes are taken from Reichard 1938, these include a link to the relevant page of the original publication. The sub-section which the affix appears is given in parentheses "( )". A very small number of entries come from Doak 1997, which is not accessible online. Affixes that Reichard identified as variants of other forms are indicated as such, with links to the main entry given by Reichard.
Salish |
Nicodemus |
Link |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Directional Prefixes | |||
| ci- | tsi- | 'first, before' | page 599 (420) |
| čic- | chits- | 'hither (toward speaker)' | page 598 (412) |
| tɛ- | te- | 'thither' | page 598 (416) |
| tkʷɛɫ- | tkweɫ- | 'go about to definite place' | page 597 (410) |
| tɛp- | tep- | 'on the way' | page 599 (418) |
| tus- | tus- | 'as far as' | page 599 (419) |
| Locative Prefixes | |||
| cɛn- | tsen- | 'under, off of' | page 596 (401) |
| č- | ch- | 'on, attached to but not a part of, at a point' | page 595 (395) |
| čt- | cht- | R notes the meaning of this morpheme is not clear | page 595 (397) |
| čɛt- | chet- | 'on a surface or object broader the subject, above, over' | page 595 (398) |
| čs- | chs- | 'after, behind, for a purpose, in pursuit of' | page 595 (399) |
| hn- | hn- | 'in, onto, into, on' | page 596 (402) |
| gul'- | gu'l- | 'under ledge or inclined plane, almost touching' | page 597 (407) |
| mɛl- | mel- | 'onto, besides, close by' | page 597 (408) |
| niʔ- | ni'- | see | page 596 (405) |
| t- | t- | 'on and a part of' | page 594 (393) |
| tč- | tch- | 'astraddle, straddling an object' also used when counting people | page 595 (396) |
| Lexical Prefixes | |||
| čit= | chit= | 'offspring, child of' | page 592 (377a) |
| hii= | hii= | 'that which, the one who' | page 591 (375) |
| nukʷ= | nukw= | 'companion, fellow, one of the same kind' | page 592 (378) |
| pɛn'= | pe'n= | 'spouse' | page 592 (379) |
| syɛ= | sye= | 'the one whose business is...' | page 591 (374) |
| y'ɛ= | 'ye= | 'horse, colt' | page 592 (380) |
| Lexical Suffixes | |||
| =alp | =alp | 'feeling' | page 612 (479) |
| =alpqʷ | =alpqw | 'mouth inside, oral cavity' | page 616 (499) |
| =alqʷ | =alqw | 'log, stick like object, tree' | page 616 (498) |
| =alq | =alq | variant of =alqʷ | variant |
| =al'qs | =a'lqs | 'clothes' | page 611 (471) |
| =alqs | =alqs | 'end' | page 611 (477) |
| =alqs | =alqs | 'road' | page 618 (509) |
| =alq-šən | =alq-shn | 'used for long bones of the leg' | page 625 (552) |
| =aɫ-g'iw't | =aɫ-g'i'wt | 'shoulder, part from neck to edge of shoulder' | page 618 (511) |
| =aɫqixʷ | =aɫqikhw | 'breath' | page 610 (468) |
| =ɫqixʷ | =ɫqikhw | variant of =aɫqixʷ | variant |
| =ap-al'qs | =ap-a'lqs | 'bottom clothes' | page 624 (547) |
| =aqs | =aqs | 'breast' | page 610 (467) |
| =asq'it | =asq'it | 'day, sky, atmosphere' | page 611 (472) |
| =sq'it | =sq'it | variant of =asq'it | variant |
| =astq | =astq | 'in opposition to' | page 624 (542) |
| =stq | =stq | variant of =astq | variant |
| =aw'as-qən | =a'was-qn | 'corner, angle, in hair, on top of head' | page 625 (550) |
| =ax̣ən | =aqhn | 'arm, wing' (Doak 1997 p 40) | page 609 (457) |
| =cin-čt | =tsin-cht | 'wrist, edge of hand' | page 625 (557) |
| =cin-kʷɛʔ | =tsin-kwe' | 'shore (edge of water)' | page 625 (559) |
| =čaʔ | =cha' | No gloss | page 621 (527) |
| =cin | =tsin | 'edge, mouth, shore' | page 611 (475) |
| =cɛn | =tsen | variant of =cin | variant |
| =cən | =tsn | variant of =cin | variant |
| =ɛl | =el | 'planes meet' | p 836 [638] (610) |
| =ɛls | =els | 'round object' | page 621 (522) |
| =ɛlwis | =elwis | 'about, go about to indefinite places' locative suffix | page 622 (532) |
| =ɛl'w'əs | =e'l'ws | variant of =ɛlwis | variant |
| =ɛlwəs | =elws | variant of =ɛlwis | variant |
| =ɛɫniw' | =eɫni'w | 'alongside at rest, or in position alongside' | page 623 (535) |
| =ɫniw' | =ɫni'w | variant of =ɛɫniw' | variant |
| =ɛɫnɛw' | =eɫne'w | variant of =ɛɫniw' | variant |
| =ɛɫp | =eɫp | 'part of a bush, plant, root, tree' | page 610 (469) |
| =aɫp | =aɫp | variant of =ɛɫp | variant |
| =əɫp | =ɫp | variant of =ɛɫp | variant |
| =ɛməš | =emsh | 'born' | page 609 (462) |
| =əməš | =msh | variant of =ɛməš | variant |
| =məš | =msh | variant of =ɛməš | variant |
| =ɛsčičɛʔ | =eschiche' | 'horse, stock' | page 615 (495) |
| =ɛt | =et | 'open to question, doubtful' | page 621 (524) |
| =gwil | =gwil | 'hollow object, wagon, canoe, abdomen' | page 614 (492) |
| =gwəl | =gwl | variant of =gwil | variant |
| =ic'ɛʔ | =its'e' | 'all around, all over, used especially for wrapping or covering' | page 622 (533) |
| =c'ɛʔ | =ts'e' | variant of =ic'ɛʔ | variant |
| =ičn'-čt | =ich'n-cht | 'back of hand' | page 625 (556) |
| =ičn' | =ich'n | 'back, ridge' | page 609 (459) |
| =ɛčn' | =ech'n | variant of =ičn' | variant |
| =əčn' | =ch'n | variant of =ičn' | variant |
| =ičs | =ichs | 'hand, not including fingers' | page 613 (488) |
| =ɛčs | =echs | variant of =ičs | variant |
| =čs | =chs | variant of =ičs | variant |
| =ičt | =icht | 'hand, including fingers' | page 613 (487) |
| =ɛčt | =echt | variant of =ičt | variant |
| =čt | =cht | variant of =ičt | variant |
| =iɫ-čɛʔ-us | =iɫ-che'-us | 'inside of face (eye)' | page 625 (558) |
| =idən | =idn | 'effort' | page 611 (476) |
| =il'č' | =i'lch' | check (?) | page 621 (526) |
| =ɛl'č' | =e'lch' | variant of =il'č' | variant |
| =ilgwɛs | =ilgwes | 'property' | page 617 (508) |
| =ɛlgwɛs | =elgwes | variant of =ilgwɛs | variant |
| =il'kʷɛʔ | =i'lkwe' | 'forehead, brow' | page 613 (484) |
| =il | =il | 'angle where two planes meet' or 'place where two elements meet | page 608 (453) |
| =ɛl | =el | variant of =il | variant |
| =l | =l | variant of=il | variant |
| =iln | =iln | 'food, pertaining to food' | page 612 (483) |
| =ilən | =iln | variant of =iln | variant |
| =iɫ | =iɫ | 'direction, -ward' | page 623 (539) |
| =ilps | =ilps | 'throat of person, back of animal's neck' | page 618 (514) |
| =ɛlps | =elps | variant of =ilps | variant |
| =ilqwɛs | =ilqwes | 'heart, stomach' | page 614 (490) |
| =ɛlqwɛs | =elqwes | variant of =ilqwɛs | variant |
| =ilt | =ilt | 'offspring, child' | page 616 (502) |
| =ɛlt | =elt | variant of =ilt | variant |
| =ɛl't | =e'lt | variant of =ilt | variant |
| =iləmxʷ | =ilmkhw | 'person, man' | page 617 (504) |
| =aləmxʷ | =almkhw | variant of =iləmxʷ | variant |
| =ɛləmxʷ | =elmkhw | variant of =iləmxʷ | variant |
| =ilup | =ilup | 'foundation, something on which to rest' | page 613 (485) |
| =ɛlup | =elup | variant of =ilup | variant |
| =inɛʔ | =ine' | 'ear' | page 611 (473) |
| =ɛnɛʔ | =ene' | variant of =inɛʔ | variant |
| =ɛnɛʔ | =ene' | variant of =inɛʔ | variant |
| =iʔ | =i' | 'someone who ... for' used with kin terms, no clear meaning | page 621 (528) |
| =ɛʔ | =e' | variant of =iʔ | variant |
| =ilxʷ | =ilkhw | 'hide, skin, mat, covering' | page 614 (491) |
| =ɛlxʷ | =elkhw | variant of =ilxʷ | variant |
| =lxʷ | =lkhw | variant of =ilxʷ | variant |
| =inč | =inch | 'hollow, whence: belly' with hn- (locative 'in, onto, etc.') 'room' | page 615 (493) |
| =ɛnč | =ench | variant of =inč | variant |
| =ingʷilən | =ingwiln | 'something' | page 618 (512) |
| =inɛʔ | =ine' | 'over, on top of but not entirely covered' | page 623 (541) |
| =ɛnɛʔ | =ene' | variant of =inɛʔ | variant |
| =ɛnɛʔ | =ene' | variant of =inɛʔ | variant |
| =ins | =ins | 'tooth' | page 619 (516) |
| =ɛns | =ens | variant of =ins | variant |
| =inxʷ | =inkhw | 'weather' | page 620 (520) |
| =ɛnxʷ | =enkhw | variant of =inxʷ | variant |
| =iplɛʔ | =iple' | 'attachment, handle. connection' | page 609 (458) |
| =aplɛʔ | =aple' | variant of =iplɛʔ | variant |
| =ɛplɛʔ | =eple' | variant of =iplɛʔ | variant |
| =ip-ɛl-sčən | =ip-el-schn | 'stubby horn, stump of horn' (?) | page 624 (549) |
| =iplɛʔšən | =iple'shn | 'heel (handle of foot)' | page 625 (554) |
| =ip | =ip | 'bottom, after, behind, back' | page 610 (463) |
| =ap | =ap | variant of =ip | variant |
| =ɛp | =ep | variant of =ip | variant |
| =p | =p | variant of =ip | variant |
| =ip-ɛns | =ip-ens | 'chin, i.e. bottom of teeth' | page 624 (548) |
| =ips | =ips | 'neck all around' | page 616 (500) |
| =ɛps | =eps | variant of =ips | variant |
| =ipɫtixʷcč | =ipɫtikhwtsch | 'tongue, tongue-shaped' | page 619 (515) |
| =ɛpɫtixʷcč | =epɫtikhwtsch | variant of =ipɫtixʷcč | variant |
| =ip-w'as-šən | =ip-'was-shn | 'the generalized word for privates' | page 625 (555) |
| =isčən | =ischn | 'horn, forehead at the edge of the hair' | page 615 (494) |
| =sčən | =schn | variant of =isčən | variant |
| =isč'ɛy't | =isch'e'yt | 'pharynx' | page 617 (507) |
| =isgwɛl | =isgwel | 'fish' | page 612 (481) |
| =sgwɛl | =sgwel | variant of =isgwɛl | variant |
| =itkʷɛʔ | =itkwe' | 'water' (Doak 1997 p 31) | |
| =i'utəm | =i'utm | 'self-doer, auto-, that which performs by itself, a neuter reflexive, not applied to persons' | page 618 (510) |
| =iw'ɛs | =i'wes | 'between, together, have contact with, be in contact' | page 623 (537) |
| =aw'ɛs | =a'wes | variant of =iw'ɛs | variant |
| =ɛw'ɛs | =e'wes | variant of =iw'ɛs | variant |
| =iɫc'ɛʔ | =iɫts'e' | 'body' (Doak 1997 p 96; 75a) | |
| =iɫxʷ | =iɫkhw | 'house' | page 615 (496) |
| =ɫxʷ | =ɫkhw | variant of =iɫxʷ | variant |
| =ixʷ | =ikhw | 'willingly, of own accord' | page 608 (455) |
| =ɛxʷ | =ekhw | variant of =ixʷ | variant |
| =xʷ | =khw | variant of =ixʷ | variant |
| =iʔst | =i'st | 'surface of round object, rock' | page 618 (513) |
| =aʔst | =a'st | variant of =iʔst | variant |
| =ɛʔst | =e'st | variant of =iʔst | variant |
| =iʔt | =i't | 'source (?)' | page 621 (523) |
| =ɛʔt | =e't | variant of =iʔt | variant |
| =kʷup | =kwup | 'wood (?)' (Doak 1997 p 40) | |
| =kʷɛʔ | =kwe' | 'water, liquid' | page 619 (519) |
| =kəp | =kp | 'fire, fuel' | page 612 (480) |
| =ɫ-c'ɛʔ-ip | =ɫ-ts'e'-ip | 'hip' | page 624 (546) |
| =mɛʔ | =me' | 'in every way' | page 623 (540) |
| =num' | =nu'm | 'body' | page 609 (461) |
| =os-ax̣ɛn | =os-aqhen | 'top of arm, perhaps ball and socket joint' | page 624 (545) |
| =qin | =qin | 'head, tip, top' | page 614 (489) |
| =qən | =qn | variant of =qin | variant |
| =qən | =qn | variant of =qin | variant |
| =qin | =qin | 'voice, throat' | page 619 (518) |
| =qən | =qn | variant of =qin | variant |
| =qən | =qn | variant of =qin | variant |
| =qinəps | =qinps | 'seat' | page 624 (544) |
| =stq | =stq | 'seems to refer to vegetation crops' | page 619 (517) |
| =sčint | =schint | 'people, persons' | page 617 (505) |
| =sčɛnt | =schent | variant of =sčint | variant |
| =əmš | =msh | 'people as a kind of group' | page 617 (506) |
| =šin | =shin | 'foot, leg, the leg from hip to toe' | page 612 (482) |
| =šɛn | =shen | variant of =šin | variant |
| =šən | =shn | variant of =šin | variant |
| =tx̣ʷɛ | =tqhwe | 'camas, (?)' | page 610 (470) |
| =t'ɛy't | =t'e'yt | No gloss | page 621 (525) |
| =ul'əmxʷ | =u'lmkhw | 'ground' | page 613 (486) |
| =ups | =ups | 'anus, anal region' | page 608 (456) |
| =us | =us | 'face, fire, eye' | page 612 (478) |
| =os | =os | variant of =us | variant |
| =s | =s | variant of =us | variant |
| =ut | =ut | 'place' (Doak 1997 p 28) | |
| =us-šən | =us-shn | 'toe (face of foot)' | page 625 (553) |
| =ust | =ust | 'along, meaning movement along' | page 623 (534) |
| =uʔ | =u' | 'pendent' | page 616 (503) |
| =uʔus | =u'us | 'directly, spang' | page 623 (538) |
| =oʔos | =o'os | variant of =uʔus | variant |
| =iʔqs | =i'qs | 'nose, beak, oral and nasal cavity, seat of taste' | page 616 (501) |
| =ʔqs | ='qs | variant of =iʔqs | variant |
| =yuyɛʔ | =yuye' | 'back and forth' | page 623 (536) |
| =yoyɛʔ | =yoye' | variant of =yuyɛʔ | variant |